![]() Dodge, an estimated 800 white men were mining the Hills at this time. This canyon became known as “Deadwood Gulch” because of the many dead trees lined the canyon walls. Pearson found gold in a narrow canyon in the Northern Black Hills. However, by 1870, stories of gold in the Black Hills began to circulate, and the treaties were broken as people flooded into the area. Subsequently, a series of treaties were made with the Sioux, including the Great Sioux Reservation, which included all lands from the Missouri River west to the Bighorn Mountains of western Wyoming. In the early 1860s, groups of explorers, miners, and homesteaders began to push into the area, which further angered the Lakota. ![]() Trouble escalated when bands of Lakota began to raid nearby settlements, then retreating to the Black Hills. The Army established outposts nearby, but they seldom entered the Black Hills. The Lakota never welcomed the white man to their hunting grounds, and as immigration increased, there was a marked decline in American Indian-white relations. The Sioux dominated a tract of land large enough to support the buffalo herds on which they subsisted. Lewis and Clark, Wild Bill Hickok, Wyatt Earp, George Armstrong Custer, Poker Alice, the Sundance Kid, Calamity Jane, and many others have all passed through here in search of fortune and adventure.īut long before the arrival of the white man, the land was home to the Cheyenne, Kiowa, Pawnee, Crow, and Sioux (or Lakota ) Indians. ![]() The famous and the infamous have called Deadwood and the Black Hills of South Dakota home over the last several centuries. ![]()
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